ProCon.org 2008 Election
ProCon.org About Us Theoretical Credibility Methodology Traffic Contact Us Donate Now

Should journalists be shielded from prosecution for protecting their sources?

Candidates' positions are categorized as Pro (Yes), Con (No), Not Clearly Pro or Con, or None Found.
Candidates who have changed their positions are listed as Now their most recent position.
(Candidates are listed in alphabetical order by party; black & white photos indicate candidates who have withdrawn or who no longer meet our criteria.)

Democratic Party (D)
Candidate
Position
  Obama, Barack
Not Clearly Pro or Con
  Biden, Joe
(Withdrew on
Jan. 3, 2008)
None Found
  Clinton, Hillary
(Suspended campaign
on June 7, 2008)
None Found
  Dodd, Chris
(Withdrew on
Jan. 3, 2008)
None Found
  Edwards, John
(Withdrew on
Jan. 30, 2008)
None Found
  Kucinich, Dennis
(Withdrew on
Jan. 25, 2008)
None Found
  Richardson, Bill
(Withdrew on
Jan. 10, 2008)
None Found
  Vilsack, Tom
(Withdrew on
Feb. 23, 2007)
None Found
Republican Party (R)
Candidate
Position
  McCain, John
Pro
  Brownback, Sam
(Withdrew on
Oct. 19, 2007)
None Found
  Gilmore, Jim
(Withdrew on
July 14, 2007)
None Found
  Giuliani, Rudy
(Withdrew on
Jan. 30, 2008)
None Found
  Huckabee, Mike
(Withdrew on
Mar. 4, 2008)
None Found
  Hunter, Duncan
(Withdrew on
Jan. 19, 2008)
None Found
  Paul, Ron
(Withdrew on
June 12, 2008)
None Found
  Romney, Mitt
(Withdrew on
Feb. 7, 2008)
None Found
  Tancredo, Tom
(Withdrew on
Dec. 20, 2007)
None Found
  Thompson, Fred
(Withdrew on
Jan. 22, 2008)
None Found
  Thompson, Tommy
(Withdrew on
Aug. 12, 2007)
None Found
3rd Parties / Independents (3rd/I)
Candidate
Position
 Baldwin, Chuck
 (Cst)
Con
 Barr, Bob
 (Lib)
None Found
 McKinney, Cynthia
 (Grn)
None Found
 Nader, Ralph
 (Ind)
None Found
  Gravel, Mike
(Withdrew on
May 27, 2008)
None Found
  Imperato, Daniel
(No longer met criteria
on Mar. 21, 2008)
None Found
  Keyes, Alan
(No longer met criteria
on June 23, 2008)
None Found
  Kubby, Steve
(No longer met criteria
on Mar. 21, 2008)
None Found
  McEnulty, Frank
(No longer met criteria
on Mar. 21, 2008)
None Found
  Smith, Christine
(No longer met criteria
on Mar. 21, 2008)
None Found


ISSUES
Abortion
1. Legal option
2. Parental consent
Character
3. Honesty vs. competence
China
4. Threat to US?
5. Human rights

Criminal Justice
6. Felon voting
7. Rehab vs. incarceration
Cuba
8. Embargo
Darfur
9. Genocide

Death Penalty
10. Legal option

Defense
11. Missile defense shield

District of Columbia
12. Statehood

Economy
13. Outsourcing jobs
14. Free trade regulations
15. NAFTA

Education
16. No Child Left Behind
17. Increasing costs
18. School vouchers
19. Abstinence only

Election Reform
20. Paper trails
21. Campaign contributions
22. Public financing

Eminent Domain
23. Non-public use

Energy
24. ANWR drilling
25. Price of US gasoline

Environment
26. International agreements
27. Fuel efficiency
28. Global climate change

Gun Control
29. Federal regulations

Health Care
30. Subsidized care
31. Prescription options
32. Fast food and obesity

Immigration
33. Net impact on economy
34. Rights and benefits
35. US-Mexico fence

Iran
36. US military force

Iraq War
37. Was the attack a mistake?
38. Is America safer?
39. Withdrawal timetable

Israel
40. Military and economic aid

Israeli-Palestinian conflict
41. Hamas
42. Palestine

Kosovo
43. Independence

Marriage
44. Constitutional amendment
45. Infidelity

Media
46. Protecting sources

Medical Marijuana
47. Legalization
48. Raids

National ID
49. National ID card

National Service
50. Draft
51. Gays in the military
52. Mandatory service

Presidential Power
53. Line item veto
54. Unitary executive theory

Religion
55. Faith-based funding
56. Importance to voters

Social Security
57. Privatizing

Stem Cells
58. Federal funding

Taxes
59. Bush tax cuts

Turkey
60. Entering Iraq

US Constitution
61. Alteration

War on Terror
62. Waterboarding
63. Guantanamo Bay
64. PATRIOT Act
65. Warrantless wiretapping



Should journalists be shielded from prosecution for protecting their sources?

Candidates are listed in alphabetical order. Positions are categorized as Pro (Yes), Con (No), Not Clearly Pro or Con, or None Found.
Candidates who have withdrawn or who no longer meet our criteria are listed last.

   Pro (Yes)    Con (No)

   Baldwin, Chuck (Cst) - Con

Chuck Baldwin, Founder and Minister of the Crossroad Baptist Church in Pensacola, FL, issued the following statement through his Communications Director, Mary Starrett, in an Aug. 18, 2008 email to ProCon.org:

"Journalists should have no special privileges denied to other citizens of the United States."
Aug. 18, 2008 Chuck Baldwin


Top
         Barr, Bob (Lib) - None Found

ProCon.org emailed the Barr campaign on July 22, 2008 with this question. We had not received a reply or found a position as of Aug. 22, 2008.
 

Top
   McCain, John (R) - Pro

John McCain, US Senator (R-AZ), stated in an Apr. 14, 2008 article titled "Remarks by John McCain to the Associated Press' Annual Meeting" on the USA Today website:

"I want to address quickly an issue I know is important to you, the so-called 'shield law' pending before Congress. I have had a hard time deciding whether to support or oppose it. To be very candid, but with no wish to offend you, I must confess there have been times when I worry that the press' interest in getting a scoop occasionally conflicts with other important priorities, even the first concern of every American -- the security of our nation. I take a very, very dim view of stories that disclose classified information that unnecessarily threatens or makes it more difficult to protect the physical security of Americans. I think that has happened before, rarely, but it has happened...

The shield law would give great license to you and your sources, with few restrictions, to do as you please no matter the stakes involved and without fear of personal consequences beyond the rebuke of your individual consciences. It is, frankly, a license to do harm, perhaps serious harm. But it also a license to do good; to disclose injustice and unlawfulness and inequities; and to encourage their swift correction. The First Amendment is based in that recognition, and I am, despite the criticism of campaign finance reform opponents, committed to that essential right of a free society. I know that the press that disclosed security secrets that should have remained so also revealed the disgrace of Abu Ghraib, a disgrace that made it much harder to protect the American people from harm. Thus, despite concerns I have about the legislation, I have narrowly decided to support it. I respect those of my colleagues who have decided not to; appreciate very much the concerns that have informed their position, and encourage further negotiations to address those concerns. But if the vote were held today, I would vote yes. By so doing, I and others, on behalf of the people we represent, are willing to invest in the press a very solemn trust that in the use of confidential sources you will not do more harm than good whether it comes to the security of the nation or the reputation of good people."
Apr. 14, 2008 John McCain


Top
 
        McKinney, Cynthia (Grn) - None Found
 
 
ProCon.org emailed the McKinney campaign on Apr. 22, 2008 with this question. We had not received a reply or found a position as of July 25, 2008.
 


Top
          Nader, Ralph (Ind) - None Found  
 
ProCon.org emailed the Nader campaign on Apr. 22, 2008 with this question. We had not received a reply or found a position as of July 25, 2008.
 


Top
        Obama, Barack (D) - Not Clearly Pro or Con

Barack Obama, US Senator (D-IL), cosponsored S. 2035, the "Free Flow of Information Act of 2007" on Sep. 10, 2007, which stated:

"Prohibits a federal entity (an entity or employee of the judicial or executive branch or an administrative agency) from compelling a covered person to testify or produce any document relating to protected information unless a court makes specified determinations by a preponderance of the evidence, including that all reasonable alternative sources have been exhausted, that the testimony or document sought is essential, and that nondisclosure would be contrary to the public interest, taking into account both the public interest in compelling disclosure and the public interest in gathering news and maintaining the free flow of information.

Defines 'covered person' as a person engaged in journalism, including their supervisor, employer, parent, subsidiary, or affiliate. Excludes from the definition foreign powers and their agents and certain terrorist organizations and individuals.

Defines 'protected information' as information or records a covered person obtained as part of engaging in journalism on a promise of confidentiality.

Requires the content of compelled testimony or documents to be limited and narrowly tailored."
Sep. 10, 2007 Barack Obama

CANDIDATES WHO HAVE WITHDRAWN OR WHO NO LONGER MEET OUR CRITERIA
     Biden, Joe (D) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 3, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Brownback, Sam (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Oct. 19, 2007; no position found as of that date


Top
     Clinton, Hillary (D) - None Found  
Suspended campaign on June 7, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Dodd, Chris (D) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 3, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Edwards, John (D) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 30, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Gilmore, Jim (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Aug. 14, 2007; no position found as of that date


Top
     Giuliani, Rudy (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 30, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Gravel, Mike (Lib) - None Found  
Withdrew on May 27, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top

     Huckabee, Mike (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Mar. 4, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Hunter, Duncan (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 19, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Imperato, Daniel (Ind) - None Found  
No longer met ProCon.org's criteria as of Mar. 21, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Keyes, Alan (Ind) - None Found  
No longer met ProCon.org's criteria as of June 23, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Kubby, Steve (Lib) - None Found  
No longer met ProCon.org's criteria as of Mar. 21, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Kucinich, Dennis (D) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 25, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     McEnulty, Frank (Ind) - None Found  
No longer met ProCon.org's criteria as of Mar. 21, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Paul, Ron (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on June 12, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Richardson, Bill (D) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 10, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Romney, Mitt (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Feb. 7, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Smith, Christine (Lib) - None Found  
No longer met ProCon.org's criteria as of Mar. 21, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Tancredo, Tom (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Dec. 20, 2007; no position found as of that date


Top
     Thompson, Fred (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Jan. 22, 2008; no position found as of that date


Top
     Thompson, Tommy (R) - None Found  
Withdrew on Sep. 12, 2007; no position found as of that date


Top
     Vilsack, Tom (D) - None Found  
Withdrew on Feb. 23, 2007; no position found as of that date